Hypothyroidism – Under active thyroid – Myxedema
The thyroid – a small gland in the neck, located just underneath the Adam’s apple – has two main functions which are essential to the health of the human body:
- To maintain the proper concentration of calcium ions in the blood stream and
- To regulate metabolism, including the digestion and processing of proteins.
- Hypothyroidism is a clinical condition, which results from deficiency of thyroid hormones.
- In hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland fails to produce adequate levels of thyroid hormone.
- It primarily affects the body’s metabolism rate.
- Hypothyroidism with deposition of mucinous substance in subcutaneous tissues is known as ‘myxoedema’.
SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
- Sugar, chocolate cravings
- Feeling of persistent fatigue, lethargic, tiredness, slowness, sleepiness and sluggishness
- Joint & muscle pains / tension – specially leg and calf muscle – Restless leg syndrome
- Inability to think clearly, concentration issues, brain fag, forgetfulness etc.
- Polycystic ovarian disease (PCOS)
- Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
- Low blood sugar
- Swollen breasts, hands and/or feet
- Numbness / tingling
- Smell / taste abnormalities
- Migraine
- Neuropathy
- Vitamin B deficiency
- Slowed metabolism.
- Impatience
- Bossiness
- Slowed development in children.
- Sensitivity to cold – chilli feeling
- Dry, coarse skin
- Cracking, brittle nails
- Puffiness (face) / oedema (feet)
- High cholesterol /blood pressure
- Voice Hoarseness
- Low motivation
- Skin feel cool to touch
- Fingers / toes look blue / purple
- Weight gain – esp. in thighs and hips
- Digestive issues e.g. constipation, bloating
- Reduced heart rate
- Menorrhagia, irregular (profuse, excessive, heavy, skipped, blocked menses).
- Hair brittle, falling out or thinning
- Anxiety, nervousness, depression, irritability
- Infertility, difficulty conceiving, threatened miscarriage / abortion.
- Goitre (a visible enlargement of the neck caused by a swollen thyroid gland)
- Slowing down of mental and physical functions of the body.
- Deafness – Hearing loss.
- Tendency for repeated infections.
- Shortness of breath.
- Iron deficiency anemia
- Mood swings.
- Slow speech.
- Enlargement of the tongue
COMMON CAUSES
- Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is the most common natural cause of low thyroid hormone levels. In this autoimmune condition, the body develops antibodies that attack and gradually destroy the thyroid.
- A viral infection of the thyroid can also decrease thyroid hormone production, but the effect is generally mild and temporary.
- Severe iodine deficiency can cause hypothyroidism, but this seldom occurs in the developed world where iodine is routinely added to salt.
- Medical treatment for hyperthyroidism (excessive production of thyroid hormone production). Radioactive iodine to inactivate the thyroid gland, which requires lifelong treatment with thyroid replacement therapy.
- Lack of pituitary TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone).
- Hypothalamic deficiency of TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone).
- Iron supplements may also interfere with thyroid hormone absorption
Further complications of Hypothyroidism if left untreated or maltreated?
- Infertility.
- Miscarriage.
- Heart diseases.
- Low blood pressure.
- Low blood sugar.
- Decreased breathing.
- Below normal temperature.
DIETARY MANAGEMENT
You can support your thyroid’s function with proper diet, exercise, and rest and by minimizing the stress in your life.
Limit the processed and pre-packaged food that you eat. Processing in general adds sugar to foods. This can worsen any thyroid problems. It takes a bit of practice and planning, but the closer you can get to cooking from scratch, the better. Using whole foods that have not been processed keeps most of their original vitamins, minerals and other nutrients.
Limit your meat intake. Try to eat less meat, particularly red meat. If you do eat meats, make sure any beef is lean (preferably grass-fed, since this has a more natural ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 fats), and any poultry is skinless.
All meat you consume should be raised without hormones or antibiotics. Most meat will specify on the packaging that it is hormone-free. If it doesn’t specify that it’s hormone-free, it’s probably not. Check the organic section for hormone-free meat options.
Reduce your sugar intake. To keep your sugar levels low, choose complex carbohydrates, such as whole grains. Avoid sugar and sugar substitutes. Simple sugar, either as granulated table sugar or as high fructose corn syrup, is much like an addictive drug. Try using the herb stevia as a sugar substitute if you have a hard time giving up sweets.
CONSUME: One general rule of thumb is that if the food is too white, such as white bread, white rice, white pasta, it has been overly processed. Eat whole grain bread, brown rice and whole grain pasta instead.
Increase the vegetables and fruits in your diet. Whenever possible, choose to eat local, seasonal, organic produce, the fresher the better. Don’t worry too much about sourcing the vegetables. Any produce is better than no produce, even frozen fruits and vegetables can benefit your health.
Boost your fish consumption. Fish is good quality protein and often has high amounts of the healthy omega-3 fats. Fish is usually lean and can be fairly easy to prepare.
Use caution when selecting fish. Fish that is high in mercury may be bad for your thyroid function.
Include beans and legumes in your diet. Legumes include foods like lentils and contain many of the vitamins and minerals needed by the thyroid to make thyroid hormone. They are also a good source of protein for individuals who have limited or given up meat consumption.
Get enough iodine, it is an important building block of thyroid hormone: Sea food, meat, milk and milk, sea plants- kelp, dulse (vegetable sea food) and Japanese sea vegetables. Plants grown in iodine rich soils are also good source of iodine.
Iodized salt is a primary source of iodine. If you eat a diet that includes moderate amounts of salt and some red meat, you probably get plenty of iodine. But, if you have given up salt to try to control your blood pressure, make sure you have an alternate source of iodine. The thyroid needs iodine for proper function. If needed, get a high-quality supplement that contains at least 50% of the iodine daily requirement.
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